West Lake in Culture
Classical Chinese buildings inside the West LakeThe West Lake is said to be the incarnation of Xi Shi, one of the Four Beauties of ancient China. Hence, since ancient times, the West Lake was associated with a large number of romatic poets, profound philosophers,national heroes and heroines.
Eastern Jin Dynasty philosopher Ge Hong practiced Taoism in the Ge Mountain, and wrote his great philosophical work: Bao Pu Zhi (抱朴子);
Tang Dynasty poet Luo Binwang reclused in Lingyin Temple .Tang Dynasty poet-governor Bai Juyi built the first causeway, which the Bai Causeway. ;
Song Dynasty poet-governor Su Dongpo, dredged the lake and built up the Su Causeway, made it into another beautiful landmark of West Lake. He also invented a special recipe for preparing pork: the Dongpo Pork. Dongpo Pork is on the menu of every restaurant in Hangzhou .Song Dynasty national hero Yue Fei was buried near the West Lake.
Lotus in the Breeze at the Winding CourtyardThe great Ming Dynasty essayist Zhang Dai, wrote a number great essays about the West Lake in Reminiscence and Dream of Tao'an (陶庵梦忆), and a whole book: Search for West Lake in Dreams (西湖梦寻). The West Lake has been famous for its exquisite beauty for more than one thousand years. Hangzhou will be the site for the 2006 World Leisure Expo.
Scenery
Centering around the West Lake, the scenic area is a national scenic area with a total cover of 59 square kilometers. There are over 60 Chinese national, provincial and municipal cultural relic protection sites and over 100 scenic areas. The main attractions include: Ten scenes of the West Lake, Ten New Scenes of the West Lake; Lingyin Temple, Tiger-running Spring and so on.
The Lingyin Monastery（灵隐寺）
The Lingyin Monastery, or the Monastery of Soul's Retreat, is a famous historical site of the West Lake. Here exists the Lingyin Monastery, a famous ancient temple in China, in front of which there are Feilai Peak, Cold Spring, Longhong Cave and precious rock cave arts and queer and varied natural caves and gullies.
Tiger-running Spring（虎跑泉）
The legend goes that two tights ran there and made a hole where a spring gushed out. The Longjing Tea and the Tiger-running Spring water are always reputed as the "Two Wonders of the West Lake".
The lake is divided into 3 parts by the causeways of Sū Dī (苏堤), Bái Dī (白堤). Scenic and poetic ,both of them are ideal stretcher to walk on West Lake . There are numerous temples, pagodas, gardens, and artificial islands within the lake.With ripples on the water’s surface and thickly-wooded hills dotted by exquisite pavilions on its four sides, the West Lake is one of China’s best known scenic spots.
Ten Scenes of the West Lake".
1、The first one isSpring Dawn at Su Causeway （苏堤春晓）.
It is a thin strip of land nearly three kilometers long covered with peach and weeping willow trees. In spring, with the lakeside and dew sparkling(闪闪发光的) in the morning , birds cheerfully chirping among swaying willow branches, the scent of peach blossoms wafting through the air, you'll question whether you're in the midst of paradise.
2、The second one isBreeze-ruffled Lotus at Quyuan Garden(曲院风荷）
This typical West Lake scene has earned its fame since the Southern Song Dynasty, when the lakeside area with an abundant growth of lotus(荷花) off its shores was known as Crooked Courtyard, and was the location of a brewery（啤酒厂）. People said the smell of lotus flowers and wine blended by the cool lake breezes was intoxicating（醉人的）. There are plenty of lotus plants still bloom off its shores. They stand gracefully erect in the lake, as if they knew they had visitors coming to admire their beauty.
3、The third one isAutumn Moon over the Calm Lake（平湖秋月）
At the western end of Bai Causeway is located a lakeside park which houses a stone tablet bearing the etched（凿刻） calligraphy of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, which reads: "Autumn Moon on Calm Lake". The lake is a special place to appreciate the moon and the effect of moonlight on the land. The moon seems especially bright over the waters. The hills look purplish bathed in the moonlight. The best time for nighttime viewing is on Mid-Autumn Day.
4、The fourth one isMelting Snow on the Broken Bridge.（断桥残雪 ）
It is most romantic scene of the ten must-see. The stone-arched Broken Bridge is where the characters of a famous Chinese folktale, Xu Xian and a beautiful girl Baisuzhen, who is actually a white snake and named, first met and fell in love with each other.
After a snowfall, when the snow on the more exposed side has melted（融化）, with the shaded（遮蔽住、阴影） side remaining white, it looks as if a long white belt has been ripped apart on the bridge, thus earning the name "Melting Snow on the Broken Bridge".
5、The fifth one isViewing Fish at Flower Pond（花港观鱼）.
Flower Pond Park occupies an area of twenty-one hectares on a peninsula in the southwest corner of the lake. In its heart is the Red Fish Pond, where people can relax to the sight of brightly colorful fish swimming around and to the brisk melody（旋律） of birdsong. To stay with nature is a highly enjoyable experience.
6、The sixth one isOrioles Singing in the Willows（柳浪闻莺）. An imperial garden built up in the Southern Song Dynasty. Now the once-imperial garden has been turned into a park open to all. Featuring green willows and singing orioles（黄鹂）, there are lawns, pavilions, and bridges that are very impressive, as well.
7、The seventh one isThree Pools Mirroring the Moon（三潭印月）.
Just off the southern shore of the Island of Little Oceans （小瀛洲）stand three small stone pagodas that seem to float on the water. Each about 2 meters high, when candles are placed inside on moonlit nights, the effect is of 4 moons dancing on the shimmering(闪光) night waters. The scene is especially magical when the giant glowing moon on the night of Mid-Autumn Day is overhead.
8、The eighth one isEvening Bell Ringing at Nanping Hill（南屏晚钟）.
Nanping Mountain stretches along the southern bank of the Lake. At dusk, with the sun slowly drifting into the Lake on the west, a huge bell at Jingxi Temple, will ring its farewell to the last sunbeam of the day. With the prolonged bell sound reverberating across the Lake, the peaceful and sacred air offers you a perfect occasion for meditation.9、The ninth one is Twin Peaks Piercing the Cloud（双峰插云）.
Gaze at the skies above West Lake, you'll be rewarded with the sight of two limestone(石灰岩) mountains past the northern edge of the lake, one to the northeast and one to the northwest, five kilometers apart. On a drizzling day in spring or autumn, the two peaks come and go amongst the drifting rain clouds.
Leifeng Pagoda in Evening Cloud （雷峰夕照）.
Leifeng Pagoda is another renowned scenic spot in Hangzhou. Originally built in the 10th century, Leifeng Pagoda used to stand in front of Jingxi Temple on Nanping Mountain; However，it was failed to stand the test of time, the Pagoda collapsed in early 1900s. In 2002, Leifeng Pagoda was reconstructed; then comes back the typical Sunset Glow over Leifeng Pagoda.
Generally speaking, it is advisable for a tourist to have a two-day tour of the West Lake and scenic spots around it. As a tourist, you will find the trip to Hangzhou both pleasant and culturally rewarding.Hangzhou residents have their way of enjoying the beauty of the West Lake. According to them, “The West Lake looks more delightful on rainy days than on clear days, but it is at its best after darkness has fallen”. When you are in Hangzhou, you ought to go and take in the charm of the lake for yourself.
Ladies and gentlemen, this is the end of our visit to the West Lake．Thank you for your cooperation．Hope to see you again here．Thank you．Goodbye!
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